https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/780577d48ff6c3d8c6950dd6b0bb9c4b.pdf 133c6b07a045355ce33e1732063723f5 PDF Text Text Russell Box, Sr. (Southern Ute Tribal Elder) My name is Russell Box, Sr. I was born here in Ignacio in 1935 where the old tribal building is. They called it Taylor Hospital at that time. The time when I was born was when most of the tribal members were still traveling on horseback. So, when I was growing up, before I went to school, a lot of the people who were visiting would bring a lot of-excitementto the family, because we were kind of isolated: W-e didn't live close together. S-o, if a family member traveled from La Boca clear up to Bayfield, it was a real treat for all ofus. The whole family was enthused about it, because ifwe knewa family member traveled from as far away as La Boca that meant that the person would stay overnight. Us kids were excited because we thought maybe we would hear stories from what the elders were talking about. Our grandmother was the one who told us that when someone was speaking we were not to say anything. When they came to visit, we had to be on our best: notte be rude, not to talk. A lot of these things seem to have dissipated now. Young people do not listen, and they don't seem to honor their parents and their grandparents. A lot of the elders that came to visit- a lot of their stories were oral, and were passed down to all of us. They were stories that would help us in our lives: how to canyon; how we should conduct ourselves. When I got to the age of six, I was taken to the boarding school down at the Agency. And, that was my first experience -of-going to school. · Atthe time-that I went to schooH did not speak English, I just spoke in the Ute language. The boys' dormitory was a two-story building. My first experience entering-that building felt like I was -entering a big tunnel because -of its long hallways. That first or second evening a lot of the young kids were taken down into the basement, down below ground level, and the older boys were given the authority to cut the little boys' hair. So, a lot ofus gathered around and everything was exciting, because of the lights and the water. Things that we saw-there were totally different for us. Back home-we ha-d-t-o -carry-our water from the spring for the household. That meant washing the dishes, to take a bath, and to wash our clothes. There was no -electric or butane stove~everything had to be taken care of. The older people had to chop the wood, and us kids had to bring the wood into the house. So, it was the young people's duty to bring those things in: the water, the wood, and even to start the wood stove. When the older people went to the store on the wagon to get groceries, it was our job to get the water and wood in and·to·have the wood stove burning by the time they got back in the evening, which was about four or five o'clock. We didn't have time, didn't have a clock in the house, but we kind of went by the wn. -So; when they got home-they didn 'thave to do ·all of that-it was in there in the house: All they had to do was start the cooking. My grandmother used to say if you want to eat you've-gotto do-all of these things. When I was in school we were excited about all these things that we saw: there was a washbasin, toilets, you'd step on a lever and the water would come out. To-us;·these wer-ethingsthatwe never experienced before. When we went down to the basement, the older boys told us what kind of haircut we wanted. At that time we didn't know that-theywer-e jokingwithus. So,·when we told them we wanted our hair to be cut a certain way is when they cut our hair completely off. Us young kids were traumatized. We didn't knowthe diff-erenrewhethefihey used hand clippers Of ,dect-ric -dipperS. �--------------- -------------------------- Page 2 of9 So, all of us, us young kids at the age of six, were all crying because her-ewe were-we had lost all of our hair. After that was done to us we were told to strip our clothes down, to get in the shower. We didn't have no privacy, everybody was all together. After we had our shower and dried off, they put powder on us. I guess a lot of this was for hygiene-some ofus kids had lice. Since we were young we didn't understand what wa-s-happening to us. Even going to the bathroom was kind of funny, because we'd sit on the bowl, and we were taught how to tear the toilet paper. Some ofus never had indoor-toilets, w to-flu-sh the-t-oilet we wtmdered wher-e it all went. So, some of-those things were good to experience and some of it bothered us in some way or another, especially when you tlidn'tknowhowtospeak in English. The first few months that we went to school a lot of us didn't know how to speak English. A few of us ~w some words, but some -of us totally did not understand. ·A lot -of-us didn't know how to say, 'I have to go to the bathroom.' So, some ofus had accidents in the classrooms. Where we slept, in the dormitory, there were about 60 kids. We had closets, but we had to share the closet with somebody else-maybe 3 or 4 persons. Notoniythat,-we-hadtoi:eamirow to make our own bed; how to take the mattress cover off; how to fold the sheets on the bed. When you are at age six that-is-something to experience. But, akogether, the dormitory life was good. And at that time I didn't know how good I had it, because at the boarding school, everything that we had was fresh. -We had fresh milk from the-dairy cows. We-had-a-gar-denihat a lot of the young students took care of during the spring and in the fall. We had a big cellar there where things were put after being harvested so that we could have fresh -things-during-the winter months. They had chickens, so we had eggs. We had milk, we had beef, and they had a bakery there. We had to learn how to make bread so that the students could have bread to eat. For some reason or another some ofus wanted to run away, we wanted to go back home. Some ofus lived about 10 miles away, 5 miles, or less than that. I remember there were several Navajo kids who lived with us, ho came all the way from Nageezi, Shiprock, or Farmington. And there were some Ute kids who came from Towoac. Sometimes we had arguments or got into a fight, or something like that. But, the majority of the time it was controlled real good. In the boys dormitory there maids were the ones who took care of our clothing-sorted them out. They sewed our clothes. Some ofus didn't have enough clothes at that time, so the government issued us cover alls. It was sort of like a jump suit: it had buttons down the middle, from the collar all the way down. So, when you had to go to the bathroom you had to unbutton all of the buttons to take off the top part and then sit down. We had to be in bed at about 6:00 in the evening. During the summer we were in bed when the sun was still going down. We had to get up, I would say, about 6:00 in the morning. We had to do our detail: make our bed, wash up before going to breakfast, and then wait until the buzzer rang. When the buzzer rang we all lined up to go to the dining room. Everything was like a military way. When I first experienced the dining room there were a lot of tables there. When we sat down to eat, most of the food was served at the table. A lot of us young kids did not eat good, because the older boys would take most of the food that was there. A lot ofus kids cried because we didn't get something that we were supposed to get. They did have prayer: everybody stood up for a minute or two and then sat down to eat. There was no certain way we were told to do it, �Page 3 of9 we were just told to do this. As the years went by those things started to change. Instead of the food being served at the table, they had cafeteria style. All of the students that went to the boarding school had to fix their bed, brush their teeth, and comb their hair. We had to take a shower two times a week, and our bedding had to be changed once a week. The rooms were always warm in the winter time-we had plenty of heat. I did that for 12 years in the boarding school. As we got older we participated in sports: played football, basketball, baseball. In fact, when I was at school there we had the best gym in all of La Plata County. I remember Ignacio had a gym, in fact, I think it's still there. I think they turned it into some type of garage now. Its ceilings were real low. Most of the schools we played had decent places to play basketball. But, over the years some of things began to change, too. I remember Bayfield: Bayfield had a gym on the second floor of a building on Main Street there. That's changed, too. We played with local schools in this area: Pagosa, Bayfield, Dove Creek, and we even went down to Gallup to play with some of the Native students there. And, they had tournaments for basketball and baseball. They had the regular season and they had tournaments. I guess a lot of this was to keep the students busy, so that we wouldn't get into trouble. The doors of the boys' dormitory were not locked at night. You could open the door to go outside, but it was locked when you tried to get back in. Some of us, trying to be ornery or just to experience something, would go out into the night. I remember there were some houses close to the dormitory, and I think they had raspberries. So one time some ofus went out at night, and crawled around their gardens picking and eating raspberries. But, before we did that we put rock at the bottom of the doorway, so that when we came back we could get back inside. If not, or if we made a mistake, we had to scratch on the window so that one of the kids would open the door for us. A lot of the roads in this area at that time were not paved. They were all dirt roads. When I was little, when we had snowstorms, I remember my grandfather would put skis on the wagon wheels. I remember playing down by the Agency, which is close to the Bear Dance grounds, and a lot ofus kids would go to the river, which would freeze to about an inch thick. But, we don't see that now. A lot ofus would play games on the ice using sticks and rocks for hockey. When I was in school I didn't know what Christmas was. When we were in school they would start decorating maybe a month or two weeks before Christmas-decorating the classrooms with ornaments. It was exciting to a lot ofus, because we didn't understand. In the gym they had tall Christmas trees that almost went clear up to the ceiling. I remember the first Christmas tree I saw in the gym was lit by candles-they didn't have lights. They lit the candles at certain times, as long as there was someone there to watch them. As time went by that changed, too. They got lights and started to decorate differently. The students would have parts in the Christmas play. Even when we had movies in the gym, they were always held in the evening. The movies were on Friday evenings, and some of the parents would come on horseback to come see the movies. I remember my grandmother coming to see a movie one time, and I think that was the only time she came. A lot of the parents, during the summer or during the fall, would camp along the river if they came to visit their children. I was a long ways home for them to go in the evening. �Page 4 of9 School would open in September. Some of us were fortunate that our parents cam after us during the Christmas holidays. Most ofus who didn't go home for the Christmas holidays stayed in the dormitories for Christmas. I think it was in the middle of May that school was over, and the school would always have some kind of game like baseball or softball, or hand games before we had our picnic. After that, if your parents were there fore the picnic you would go home. So, we went back home in the summer for three months. When you were small three months was a long, long time. It's not like when you are older and time goes by quicker. So, you might say I've seen a lot of change here. The roads: a lot of the roads are paved now. The side roads, I call them, or county roads are better maintained. You've got barred ditches that are maintained by the road department-some of them taken care ofby the County, some of them by the BIA So, there are a lot of changes that have happened, and a lot of experiences that we've had. When I was growing up, my grandfather died, and I didn't see the burial and the funeral. When I s~y my grandfather, at the time I didn't realize that he wasn't my real grandfather. My real grandfather passed on, maybe before I was even born. His name was Jacob, and my grandmother's name was Bertha. So, you might say, that the Southern Utes here are sort of all related to each other through marriage and through our relatives. After my grandfather passed on, I do not know how long afterwards, but my grandmother passed on. I was taken out of school and brought to one of grandmother's houses. She was there sick, but I do not know how long she had been sick. I guess she wanted to see the grandchildren. I remember being there and we went into the kitchen where she laid next to the stove in her bed. They talked to her and she didn't respond. You could tell that she was breathing; maybe she was in a coma or something. They told us kids to go outside and play. Later on, maybe an hour or two later, was when we heard the crying in the house. So, they called us kids to come into the house. The traditional way when someone passed on you would have to step over that person's body. At that time I didn't understand why they did that. I guess you might say they did that because she was an elder: you stepped over the person to honor that person. Some of these traditions are still carried on by some ofus, but not always. Like I said: there are a lot of things that have changed. When people were buried they didn't have coffins. At that time the person was wrapped, someone would dig the hole, and the body would be lowered into the hole. Now we've got all of these expensive coffins. But, when I was going to school (after my grandmother died) it seems like all of my relatives-my uncles and my aunts-it seemed like we all scattered. The reason why I say that is because my grandmother was the one who held us all together. And, when she passed on it seemed like we all started wandering around. We did not live in the same place when I was raised-we kind of moved around and lived with different relatives. I remember my aunt went into Durango and got a job there. I want to say I was about six or seven, maybe seven or eight, years old when we went over there. She got a job there at the COD laundry. I think the First National Bank is there now. It's up by the Durango High School. There used to be a COD laundry that burned down. Since she didn't have the money to rent a house, we lived in a tent down by the river; where the old fire plant is. They called it "Swinging Bridge" in Durango; that's where we lived. We lived there in the summertime. From the railroad tracks (the Narrow Gauge) to the Animas Rive there was hardly �Page 5 of9 anything: no buildings (like the Town Square) and all those buildings in that area now. Maybe a month later, or two weeks later, she told me to go back to Ignacio to pick up my mother and my cousin. So, I experienced the Narrow Gauge, because the Narrow Gauge used to run through Ignacio, La Boca, and I think Arboles, Pagosa, all the way clear to Colorado Springs. I went from Durango to Ignacio, and I was between six and seven years old when they put me on the train. I walked from the train depot south oflgnacio almost half way to Bayfield. That's a lot of responsibility for a young man, but I did it. When I got to the house, where my grandmother lived, I told my mother we were going and I told my cousin we better get ready for the next day to go back to Durango. Early the next morning we left the house on foot. We're not talking about taxi service, we're not talking about horseback. Because, at that time, there was hardly any people who had cars. We had no phone to call somebody and say, 'Can you take me here or there.' But, we walked roughly, I want to say, from today's Sun Dance ground-about three miles north of the Agency. You might say, altogether, from the train depot up to where we lived was maybe five miles. As soon as we got there we bought the tickets, and as soon as we bought the tickets here comes the train. It was about 1:00, so it took us all morning to walk there. We got off at the train depot in Durango, which is still there. They use it for the Narrow Gauge up to Silverton. From there we went along the railroad tracks until I knew where to tum and go down by the nver. There were a lot of little houses that were along the Animas Valley at that time, by the river. They were mostly Spanish people. Their houses were little frame houses. All those things are gone now. So that was one experience. And, the other experience-I don't remember how old I was, maybe eight-my aunt decided to go to Albuquerque. She had gotten a job there. So, the following summer when school was out we went to Albuquerque. That was the first time, you might say, that I really left the reservation. We got on the bus right at the BIA building. I remember the times it used to stop in Ignacio, in Bayfield, just about anywhere you would want it to stop. From there we went to Durango, from Durango we went to Albuquerque. As we were going to Albuquerque it seemed like the bus stopped at every trading post, every little town or whatever it was down to Albuquerque. By the time we left from here at 8:00 in the morning we arrived in Albuquerque about 4 or 5:00 in the evening. And, the highway from here down to there wasn't the way it is today. It was paved, but it was a very narrow two lane, and it had a lot of curves in it. Even Albuquerque has changed. When I first went to Albuquerque it was only two lanes, and now they've go t all those freeways there. Going back to Durango ... When we were kids, we wandered around in Durango-all over the place. In fact, we went on top of where the present Fort Lewis is now. There was nothing up there. There was a small airport and a large lake of some kind. There was no college up there at that time. I remember one summer, you might say, we did just about anything to make money. We collected boxes, we collected milk bottles and even iron ... metal, so that we could go to the movies. They had several movie houses in Durango at that time. Most it's gone now. Anyway, those are the things we did when we were kids. I remember one time we decided to go to 3rd Street, and that was considered to be upper call at that time., There was about four ofus, and we went from house to house asking if we could cut their grass, clean their yard, whatever. I remember one time a lady was telling us what to do. She had one of those push mowers; it �Page 6 of9 wasn't an electric or gas mower like you have today. One of the lids was doing that, someone else was raking, and the rest ofus did what the lady wanted us to. She was an elderly lady. So, when we were through, we collected all of the things that we used and put them into the garage. As we were in the garage, she had boxes of stuff all over the garage. To us, it was kind of exciting, because we saw all kinds of things in the garage. We saw boxes of comics, magazines, tools and stuff like that. One of us saw a box there, and we opened the lid. We saw that there cigars in it. I don't remember who started it, but one of us started taking the cigars and sticking them in our pockets. We didn't get caught doing that, and we got paid on top of it. Instead of going to another job, because we had the cigars in our pockets, we headed down to the river. There were four ofus sitting there down by the bank and we all lit up! We didn't even finish our cigars! · I mean, we got to where we were all green-our colors were changing. I remember we threw all of our cigars in the river. So, when my aunt came back from work my cousin was sick, and she wanted to know why he was sick. But, we weren't going to tell her. I just wanted to tell you that we roamed Durango. I remember the streetlights in Durango would tum off as soon as the sun went down. No stores were open-nothing like that. In other words, 'they rolled the sidewalk up' -that's what we used to say. Ft. Lewis wasn't there. The Narrow Gauge was there, but it was only used to transport people to certain areas. After Ft. Lewis came, the Narrow Gauge became more of a tourist attraction. When I went to Albuquerque, we lived on First Street. Central was the main drag, and, you might say, First Street was where all of the bars and lower class were. That's where we were. My aunt used to give us money and tell us to go get food to eat. When we were at the boarding school we had good food. But, during the summer months there wasn't enough food for everybody. So, each day, when we were in Albuquerque, we walked Central one block at a time. The first day we walked one block, then back to the hotel. The next day we walked two blocks. We walked until we went from First Street all the way to the park. When we saw the park we thought we were in heaven, because there were trees and grass there. So, I took my mother and my cousin's sister to that area to have a little picnic. Then, a month later (I can't remember) we moved to another area in Albuquerque on 4th Street they called, up by the Indian school. My aunt had rented a house up there. We didn't have indoor plumbing. We had only a faucet in there, and there was one bed in that house: a spring bed. So, when we got there we threw our coats and our clothes on the bed so we could have something to lie on. Now you can tell how poor we were. We got to know the kids in that area. After we got acquainted with them we started roaming the area. We went to Central, the zoo, the Rio Grande, all on foot, or if we had the money, by bus. Even Albuquerque has changed. By the time I went to school in 1941, and experienced all of that clear up to the 11 th grade, I went to Santa Fe (to go to the boarding school there). The reason for that was I was in Albuquerque at the hospital; where I had a hernia repair. There were a lot of kids already in school, and when I was out of the hospital I was going to try to go to school in Albuquerque. But, the administration said I couldn't attend, because I think, at that time, it was only open for the Navajo kids. They told me that maybe I would try Santa Fe. I took the bus from �Page 7 of9 Albuquerque to Santa Fe and got off at the school. I went to the administration there, and they told me they were going to take me in. They told me to go to the boys' dormitory and check in. I had just had surgery done on me and the suitcase was real heavy for me. I was struggling with my suitcase with my suitcase, and I remember one young man came and asked if he could carry my suitcase for me. He carried it to the dormitory. I met the boys' supervisor, and they told me they would get me a room as soon as I went to eat dinner. So, I walked down the sidewalk with some of the guys and I didn't know anybody. Because I was a newcomer, everybody was looking at me. They gave me a room with three other guys. So, that was my experience there for the first time. I was there for nine months, and while I was in Santa Fe I had to report to the probation officer down there. Because, I had gotten into trouble in Bayfield when I was a young man. I think I was like 13 or 14 years old when it happened. So, I went to school down there, and it was different because there were a lot more kids than in Ignacio. I learned a lot about Santa Fe and how that school ran. I kind of liked it, because when you were in grade school they taught you different trades: carpentry, farming, things like that. Some of the boys even got involved with home economics: learned how to cook, how to take care of your room. I guess they were preparing you for when you left the boarding school. In the senior year you pick a trade that you want, and that's the reason why I liked Santa Fe. But, I did not go back the following year, which was my senior year. I went back to Ignacio. We graduated; I want to say safely, with only 10 seniors in our class. And, I'm sitting here today thinking to myself, 'How many of those kids are still here, are still with us?' The only thing I can say is there are maybe three ofus left from that class. After going through all that (experiencing the BIA boarding school and learning to speak English), I don't think I went to many ceremonies. The only ceremony I remember from when I was small was the Bear Dance. Going back to before I went to school, my grandmother took me to the Sun Dance. And, that was the last time I saw that particular ceremony until I was between 14 and 16, when I saw the Sun Dance come back. After graduation, a lot ofus went into Durango to go into the service, to enlist. Because of my probation-trouble with the law-they couldn't take me. So, I went to Haskell Institute, in Lawrence, KS, for a post-graduate trade school. I was there for nine months and took auto mechanics (that was my major). I got into trouble there, too. (I didn't learn how to get out of trouble.) So, I stayed in jail there for a while. When I got out of jail, I went back to school. But, school was already closing by that time. So, I took my suitcase and, with one of my buddies, went to Kansas City, MO, which is just on the other side of the river. We looked for a job over there, and I guess we didn't have good luck. I was running out of money, so I asked my buddy about going back to Ignacio. I found some money here, and instead of staying around, we went to Chicago. So, we got a bus ticket all the way to Chicago. We finally made it to Chicago (it took us maybe two or three days), and we got a room at the YMCA (close to the "Loop," they called it). I guess they called it the "Loop", because the train went in a loop through the heart of Chicago. �Page 8 of9 We started looking for a job and went to the employment agency. We finally got a job several miles from there (south of Chicago). Our job was at a hardware store. We stayed at the YMCA, so everyday we had to wake up, eat a small breakfast, and ride the subway. So, that was another experience: riding the subway. It goes under the ground then above the ground. Our job there was to police the area: pick up trash and sweep the area. That was our first job, and it took us a couple of days to do that. Our second job was to sort all of the lumber. That's when I learned how long a piece was just by looking at it. We had the tape with us, and they told us to sort them out into separate piles: lx4s, lx6s ... Then, when someone came with an order we had to fill that order: put everything on a big truck (flatbed)-lumber, cement, plywood, whatever was in that order. It got to where it didn't take us very long to get certain items and put them on the delivery truck. I remember twice a month we had to go to the train yard with the flatbed. The man that was with us knew the number of the boxcars that we had to break the seal, open the sliding doors, and unload the lumber onto the flatbed. We then delivered it to the lumberyard and sorted it out. We were there for three or four months. (I was 18 at that time.) So, that was another experience away from the reservation. All of those places that we went to on the bus: there were no freeways there. When we were in Chicago, they were just starting to do some of the suburbs. That was between 1954 and whatever. After we did our thing up there, school was going to open again. So, I thought I had a chance to go back to school. When we came back to Lawrence, KS, we went to the administration and informed them that we were coming back to school then. They denied me of coming back in. But my friend, who was with me, they accepted him back into school. So, he asked me what I'm going to do, and I told him I'd find our later. He checked in, and I left campus, went back to Lawrence, KS; I guess a mile or two away. I got a room; I went to eat, went to my room and went to sleep. The next day I bought a bus ticket and went back to Kansas City, MO. So, I got a hotel room and the first day I just kind of wandered around the town. The next day I checked out ofmy room and asked if there was a YMCA close by. I walked over there with my suitcase (to the YMCA), checked in, and they gave me a room. I asked the people at the YMCA if there was any training for auto mechanics, and they told me where to go. I went in there, signed up for enrollment, and the next day I asked them if they could help me get a job. The classes were 6:00-10:00 at night, so during the day you needed some kind of job. They sent me to a couple of jobs, but they didn't hire me. The third job I went to they hired me. It was to do upholstery on automobiles. What you do is, when a vehicle comes in, you take all of the old seat covers off, and the costumers would say, 'I want this kind of seat cover and color.' Our job was to put the new seat covers on. Some people did custom seat covers-that means they did the designing and all the custom style work. It took me a couple of days to get the hang of it, depending on the customer. I did that for eight hours, go back and eat a quick lunch, then go to school from 6-10:00 at night. And, I did that for nine months. Then I came back. I got a letter from the Agency saying I had to come back. So, I quit the school, paid my bills and everything, and came back this way. I took care of the problem I had here, and instead of going back I stuck around here. So, my cousin and me stayed on the farm and helped my aunt and here husband. After a year or two, we both got into trouble and we both couldn't drive. So, I guess we were both down on our luck. �Page 9 of9 We didn't know what to do with ourselves anymore, so we decided to join the service. So, we went over to Durango and passed the test over there. After that our parents took us to Denver to do more tests: physical and written. We both passed with 'flying colors'. The only problem with that was they told me I had to go see someone upstairs, because of my record; that happened when I was 13-14 years old. The man told me, 'I'll sign the waiver if you go back home and have four affidavits signed by four people.' So, I was delayed one week, and my cousin told me he was going to go on. I assumed that we were going to be together for basic, because we both signed the buddy system. So, I came back, got the affidavits, sent them to Denver, and a few days later I got a letter saying for me to come in. That evening I flew to San Antonio, and my cousin went to California. We never saw each other for four years. I was at San Antonio, at boot camp down there for the Air Force. When boot camp was over, I got my orders to go to Las Vegas, NV. I came up here, because I had 15 days of leave before I reported to my next base. And, I was there for two years, I guess. Then I went to the Philippines, South Pacific, and I was there for about two years. I (!Ji,'re.w,W~ {!,,1. ~Vd(.~L 6 \).t-':.,1J'.\, wv<Z.U..~( W1l~«--1 Jtw. Hrli -ZV-CLL) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael Miller Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/ Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2003-2004 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of twelve biographies written by VISTA worker Michael G. Miller of prominent people in the Ignacio community. Based on interviews conducted by Miller between December 9, 2003 and March 15, 2004. Some contain the additional attribution "for the Ignacio Historical Society." Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Miller, Michael G. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russell Box Sr. Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2004-01-11 Subject The topic of the resource Box, Russell Sr.; Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of Russell Box Sr. written by VISTA worker Michael Miller and based on an interview conducted by Miller on January 11, 2004. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Box, Russell Sr. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 9 pages