8 10 216 https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/9d4d026ad7bd8a144f6f2d4586a0cd7c.pdf 43f9539a2134a7f095a1072f5457aa4c PDF Text Text I") 'l 'l 'l i ,, J i ' 1 ) l 1 ) ) . JAMES (JIMMY) SPENCER BAKER James Spencer Baker, known to most Ignacio people as Jimmy Baker, was born on August 12, 1899, the son of James Baker and Lucy Spencer Baker. "I was born in a log house at Caracas. I think the house is still there. My father built a good barn and corral. We had chickens and milk goats and hogs and range cattle and riding horses and draft horses. The draft horses were "Perch" (Percherons) and weighed 1500 to 2000 pounds. They could really plow and pull the wagons. My father raised wheat and hay for the animals and potatoes and beans for the family." When Jimmy's mother Bessie died in June of 1907, Jimmy and his father and his sister Grace and his brothers Julian, Frank and Cassey faced a lonelier world. It was still two years until Jimmy's father took him to the Indian School at Ignacio. During summer starting at the age of 12, Jimmy was sent to the hills to herd the cattle. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) J _J J ...) ..J ..) ...) ...) ...) ...) J J J J J J "I rode my horse up to the Vega every week to count the cows. Some of them would be way up in the brush. When we went up some of the steep hills, I would get off the horse and grab a hold of his tail and he would pull me right up. The first year I went out I was afraid a lion or a bear or a bobcat would get me, but I never had any trouble." One of those trips Jimmy will never forget. He was late getting started back and then it started to rain and how it rained! "Before I got out of the Vega, it started to rain and by the time I got to the Dipping Vat on Cat Creek my horse and I were both soaked and it was so dark we couldn't see anything except those big lightning strikes coming down. I didn't get home until 1:00 or 2 :00 a.m." In the days when Jimmy was a boy, one of the best ways and certainly one of the most exciting ways to obtain new wealth and valuable property was to hunt the wild horses in the hills above Caracas. Jimmy and his father and brother sometimes were gone several days patiently tracking, listening, stalking and then off on a wild chase to rope a few horses or, if possible, to drive a herd into a box canyon. "Our friends Tito and Tony and Narcisso Gomez sometimes went with us. Then we all got together to brand the horses and break them. Our brand was a curved arrow with a split tail. ln the winter of 1915 we went out one morning and all our horses were gone . We told the Marshall, Porfirio Chavez. There was deep snow and he tracked the men all the way to Lumberton and brought our horses back and put the men in jail in Pagosa . They turned out to be some of our neighbors. After the trial, they were put in the pen." Jimmy lived at Caracas until 1916 before he moved over toward lg nacio. In 1918 he was drafted and sent to Brownsville, TX, then to Laredo, then to San Antonio and finally to Ft. Riley in Kansas. Jimmy was in Company A, 9th Engineers and was trained to be a blacksmith. During the First World War the army had some motorized vehicles, but it also retained many horses and mules and wagons. Therefore, blacksmiths were needed to shoe the horses and to keep the wagon wheels in repair. Jimmy would have been sent to France soon, but as he explains, "Woodrow Wilson and Kaiser Wilhelm signed the peace." 9 �When Jimmy was mustered out of the army in 1921, he decided he wanted to see the country, so for a while he rode the rails. "I went all over the country as far as Bismarck, North Dakota, but I never got caught by the railroad bulls because I moved like the coyote." Next Jimmy got a job on the D.& R.G.W. Railroad on the line between Denver and Steamboat Springs as a member of the Extra Gang. Jimmy's crew spent a lot of time on the lines around Moffat Tunnel 13,000 feet up on the continental divide west of Denver. Jimmy enjoyed the changeable weather and the beautiful sunrises and sunsets visible from the divide. He remembers one morning when "the sun came up pale, so pale over the lake. (Yankee Doodle Lake) it looked like the moon." After working a while on the railroad, Jimmy went down to Denver and got a job with the Public Service Company till 1926. The next year Jimmy's father died and Jimmy came back to Ignacio to stay. He married Bessie Box. They lived on his place about a mile east of Ignacio where he raised cattle and hogs and chickens. This month Jimmy celebrates his 76th birthday. He has been alone for some time. Of course, he gets lonely sometimes, but he is still strong and healthy, likes to walk a lot for exercise, and has a wonderful sense of humor. We wish him many more years of good health and good times. August, 1975 -- by Shelby Smith 10 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource James Spencer Baker Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1975-08 Subject The topic of the resource Baker, James Spencer; Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of James Spencer Baker based on an interview conducted by Shelby Smith. Originally included in the August, 1975 issue of "The Thoughtful Years" newsletter published by the Ignacio Senior Center. Later included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Baker, James Spencer Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2 pages Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/ed5286b388de290956668b526fe7c024.pdf 5a1a8ebdd0915762077f447f01040aaa PDF Text Text JANNIE ELIZABETH (Terry) KING Janie King was born at Wheeler, Texas, on the wide plains of the West in 1911. Her father, Thomas Ethridge Terry was born at Chickasha, Oklahoma Territory in 1887 and her mother, Lenore Estelle (Bailey) Terry was born at Fayettevi1 le, Arkansas. The instinc! to go west lured the Terrys just as it has thousands of others. "In 1916," Jannie says, "my father sold his farm at Wheeler, put all he could carry in two covered wagons and started west. Though I was only five at the time, I have several clear memories of the trip. One night we camped beside a lake near Groom, Texas. With water so scarce on the plains, mother did not lose the chance to do the family washing. Except for some of our cattle dying of blackleg, the only unpleasant incident of the trip was an encounter with a Gypsy woman who picked my father's pocket. My parents were young, totally unfamiliar with the habits of Gypsies and therefore, an easy prey. This was not our last experience with Gypsies." "We settled at Porter, New Mexico, where I went to school all 12 years. All the farming was dry land. Dad raised broom corn, maize and hay. We cultivated big gardens and raised chickens, pigs and cows. For sweetening we grew sugar cane. When it was mature, we cut and peeled it and took it to my uncle, who could make the best sorghum molasses you ever tasted. He had a press powered by horses to squeeze the Juice out of the cane. The juice flowed into a gently sloping metal trough under which a fire was built. As the Juice slowly flowed back and forth down the channels of the trough, it boiled until it was thickened to the right degree. We ground our own corn with a hand mill. It made delicious bread. Life was good in New Mexico until the dry years came." "When I finished school in 1929, I married Weaver King. We did OK on the farm until the drought of the 30's when the bottom dropped out of prices. II got so bad we were selling eggs for 5 cants a dozen and ten gallon cans of cream for $2.50. We got rid of our caWe and bought sheep, thinking they could find something to eat even if the cows couldn't. In those dry summers we got the most terrific electric storms, but little or no rain. The winds would raise clouds of dust as black as night. After the wind passed, the dust stood 2 inches deep on the fence posts.' "Our son, Tommy, was born in 1935. Until then we and a lot of other folks had hung on thinking the dry years would surely end and things would get back to normal, but it kept right on. We began hearing talk of moving on. Some had done it. One of our neighbors had gone to Western Colorado to look things over. He came back excited and told us, 'That's the Rock Candy Mountain out there. Apples hang from the trees, gardens are full of everything you want to eat. Rivers are full of fish and the woods full of game. All you have to buy is coal oil, salt and baking powder. The rest is for the taking.' Weaver and I got excited too. We asked a lot of questions and finally said, 'Tell us some of the bad things', but he answered, 'No, I can tell you're coming anyway. You'll find out the bad things when you gel there.' 'Well, he was right. We sold out and came to La Plata County, Colorado in 1936. 96 �") .,,.., ") ") ~ 'l ) i ) ) 7 , ) ) .) ) ) ) Weaver sold all his sheep and got 8 horses. He and a friend made one trip to Oxford just to bring the horses. They drove to Albuquerque and up through Cuba. It was the last of September before he was ready to take Tommy and me. One of our neighbors loaded our Pinto riding horse and its colt and all our possessions into his truck and headed west. Fearing the unpaved roads north of Albuquerque if it rained, he drove straight to Gallup, up to Shiprock and then to Aztec. It was a beautiful trip. As we got to the Colorado line just below Bondad, all I could see were great bluffs and rocky hillsides. I asked 'Is it all like this?' They assured me it was not. We settled into a place southeast of the old Hood School east of Durango and later rented places near Oxford." "As soon as we got here the drawbacks showed up. On the first Sunday it snowed. The whole winter it snowed and snowed until I thought it would never quit and in the spring I thought it would never melt. That was one drawback. The other was mud. Oxford mud ought to be world famous, because it's really mud. It was unbelievable. At first we couldn't cope with it. Weaver tried to feed the stock out of the wagon. Chunks of mud the size of me fell off the wheels. He soon learned not to even try it. unless the ground was frozen. The snow could be just as rough. I've seen horses get so tired trying to pull the wagon through it, they just lie down in the snow. After we got a car, we often had to leave it parked at the Oxford Store and walk home on the railroad tracks." } ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) .J J .J ...J ...J "That first winter little Tommy (15 months old) and I were snowbound many weeks. But we didn't mind. He loved to play in the snow and I'll have to admit I did, too. We had plenty of firewood and a barrel of canned goods, so we made it through the winter just fine. During the war years we milked 14 cows. Prices began to rise. For a while it looked as if the price of cream would go to a dollar a pound, but it reached 99 cents and that's as far as it got. We bought our farm north of Oxford with cream checks. Weaver was the ditch rider, did odd jobs and worked the farm to make a living. The highlight of his year was the elk season." The King's two children still live in the area. Tommy married Janie Baird and lives in Ignacio. Beth married Jim Sower and lives in Bayfield. Weaver died in 1965. Jannie stayed on the farm for 3 years, then moved to Ignacio. When we asked whether she ever had second thoughts about moving to Colorado, Jannie says, "You see we didn't leave. I've been here 42 years and it all adds up pretty well." Shelby Smith - November, 1978 _) ...J ...J ...J ...) ...) J J J J J 97 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jannie Elizabeth (Terry) King Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1978-11 Subject The topic of the resource King, Jannie Elizabeth (Terry); Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of Jannie Elizabeth (Terry) King based on an interview conducted by Shelby Smith. Originally included in the November, 1978 issue of "The Thoughtful Years" newsletter published by the Ignacio Senior Center. Later included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource King, Jannie Elizabeth (Terry) Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2 pages Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/8b687bb47d95cfb8c83f600bde322ccd.jpg e1e68a94b7f4ad7d3d76363417bfbc2e https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/d23163dd034e4ac4e9a186d082f1baa6.PDF 1595c6af92316ec2e96df3af23bc44c1 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Voices of Ignacio Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jean McClanahan Recollections About Northern Ignacio Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a> Subject The topic of the resource Recollections; Ignacio; Colorado; 1930s; McClanahan, Jean, 1924-2021 Description An account of the resource A written summary of the recollections of Jean McClanahan concerning the north side of Ignacio, Colorado during her childhood in the 1930s. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/5dacd283d242f42fd289aa3b218c7c45.jpg 86150c88b5e20757b9bb8950cfdb5f73 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Historic Photographs Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jess Stauffer's Barber Shop Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-RUU/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-RUU/1.0/</a> Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Colorado; Barber Shop; 1925 Description An account of the resource A photo of Jess Stauffer's barber shop in Ignacio, Colorado circa 1925. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/261af9895f19472f57a169bd7361c6db.pdf 88a4169e8f92a9dfbcec8df8a3b0dd68 PDF Text Text JOE (Audera) DURAN Jose Rosario Duran was born July 24, 1907, at Perdenales, Chihuahua, Mexico. The town of Perdenales sits in the Sierra Madre Range in the west part of Chihuahua. Jose has little memory of his life there. His father, Flores Alfonso Audera, died when Joe was an infant. This was followed by the death of his mother, Frances, in 1915 when Joe was 8. It is a matter of speculation what would have become of Joe if he had spent the remainder of his life in Mexico. However, when his aunt and uncle, the Du rans, who lived in Encinada, New Mexico, heard about their sisters death, they decided to go see about the family. What they found was little Jose, 8 years old, in need of a new father and mother. They brought him home with them and changed his name Audera to Duran. ) _) ) ) ) ) ) .) _) "My uncle, Rosario Duran, was a black smith. As soon as I was old enough, he began to teach me some of the trade. My aunt Dolores Duran died when I was 11 . Soon after this my uncle sold out and moved to Edith, Colorado. I never went to school even one day. There was always too much work to do. At the age 14 I began herding sheep for Felix Garcia, then later on for Charley Red. "Once in a while we had trouble with bears attacking the sheep and would have to go on a bear hunt." Jose and his wife had 6 children. "They are Miguel and Arturo who live in Ogden, Utah; Juanita and Rumaldo who live in Albuquerque; Mary Montoya who lives in Blanco and Rosa who lives in Chama, New Mexico. Between jobs with the sheep herding, Joe worked in Harry Smith's sawmill in Lumberton. In 1944, even though Joe was 37 years old, he decided-to join the army. The war was still going strong. Joe was sent to the Pacific and spent time in Hawaii, and .the Philippines and Japan. After 7 years he came home to Edith, which he used as home base for the next 11 years. In 1962 Joe sold his' farm at Edith, moved to Pagosa and worked for San Juan Lumber until he retired. In the spring of this year he rented one of the apartments in the Senior Center in Ignacio where he has proved to be one of the best gardeners in La Plata County. Two years ago Joe got to return to see his relatives in Perdenales, Mexico. Joe looked at the dry mountains surrounding the town and wondered how different his life would have been if his aunt and uncle had not arrived in 1915. _) October, 1978 -- SHELBY SMITH ._) _) _) ._) _) ._) J J J J J J ~ 47 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Joe (Audera) Duran Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1978-10 Subject The topic of the resource Duran, Joe (Audera); Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of Joe (Audera) Duran based on an interview conducted by Shelby Smith. Originally included in the October, 1978 issue of "The Thoughtful Years" newsletter published by the Ignacio Senior Center. Later included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Duran, Joe (Audera) Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 page Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/5905a8e97ec948c1807b3d97c08b5f3a.pdf e70a8cc976e78a1c828b74292a3c9509 PDF Text Text JOE and SUSANA (Martinez) LUCERO Joe Lucero was born July 17, 1908 at the family homestead on the Pine River near Blanco, New Mexico. He is the oldest son of Silvano and Tomasita Lucero. There were five other children, two sisters, Josephina and Macedonia, and three brothers, Silvano, Rubel and Benito. Joe, being the oldest son, helped his father on their 640 acre ranch. They had dry land on the mesa and a section on the river bottom. Part was used for crops and part for running cattle and sheep. Most of the time Joe was needed on the farm at home. Occasionally, he hired out to Walter Key for hoeing beans and doing other farm jobs up near Allison. Joe decided before he got too old, he better get himself a wife. There was a girl back home in Martin Plaza, N.M. whom he had known when he was a boy. Joe and Susana Martinez were neighbors. When Joe went home Susana was 14. They courted for two years, then decided when Susana was 16 it was time to get married. Joe wanted a young wife, not an old one. They married in Los Martinez, N.M. and stayed at his father's ranch. Four of their seven children were born there: Irene, Fred, Mary Delice and Raymond. Joe and Susana brought their four children by horse and wagon to Homer, Colorado, located south of Allison and leased 80 acres. While there Mary Lou, Benstina and Susie were born. Six of the children are still alive. Five are in the Ignacio area and one in Chicago. Raymond was in the Air Force and died in Denver in 1957. Joe worked his own ranch and hired out to others in the area. He worked for Joe Shank for three summers, for Barney Lonne for 9 summers. The family did most of its shopping in Rosa. Joe's last years of ranching were with Vernon Young, then with Mike Faverino. When Susana died in 1967, they had been married 41 years. Joe and his daughter Susie took a trip to Chicago to visit his daughter Mary Lou. They spent about a month sight-seeing. On Dec. 12, 1974, Joe suffered a heart attack and spent 27 days in the hospital. In March 1975 Joe bought a trailer and moved it to Ignacio where he could be closer to his children. Joe's father is still living, a spry 90 years of age. He was still farming up to five years ago when he sold an 80 acre ranch at Oxford. Silvano now lives with his daughter Josephina in Gem Village. Joe at 68 is still helping his neighbors farm. He's over at Tom Gallegos today separating cows. By CLAUDETTE GILBERT, November, 1976 102 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Joe Lucero and Susana (Martinez) Lucero Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1976-11 Subject The topic of the resource Lucero, Joe; Lucero, Susana (Martinez); Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of Joe Lucero and Susana (Martinez) Lucero based on an interview conducted by Claudette Gilbert. Originally included in the November, 1976 issue of "The Thoughtful Years" newsletter published by the Ignacio Senior Center. Later included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucero, Joe; Lucero, Susana (Martinez) Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 page Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby; Gilbert, Claudette https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/3918a43cd5ecea9acadeb040c8587c4b.pdf 913dbad2c343c4a815bc91cb25569676 PDF Text Text JOE AND NATIVIDAD (Gallegos) MARTINEZ Only one of Adolfo and Santitos Martinez' ten children survived early childhood. The other nine died in infancy or young childhood. Joe, who was born in 1917, was understandably very spoiled. "I was born on my parent's ranch in Montezuma Canyon south of Pagosa Springs. It's rolling forested country good for grazing and farming when there is enough rain. When my dad first came to Pagosa Springs from Park View, New Mexico, he worked as a bartender and owned two houses in town. When one of them burned to the ground, Dad decided he should put his money into something a little more permanent, so he sold the other house and bought the ranch at Montezuma. Dad built a log house near a spring. Oates, barley, wheat and corn grew well on the dry land. Some years the large flock of turkeys mother raised for market earned more money than Dad's lambs. With our garden and the pigs and sheep and goats to butcher we were almost self-sufficient as long as there was enough rain." "My parents took it very hard losing all the other children. Most of them were not healthy or strong when they were born. The longest any of them lived was seven years. Being the only child, I was accustomed to getting what I wanted. Once when both my parents were gone, I told our hired man, Narcisso Jaramillo, to put the harness on one of the horses and to hitch up to one of my mother's wash tubs and give me a ride. He did that just to humor me. The tub was ruined, but my parents were upset mainly because of the danger to me of such a ride." ) ) ) J J _) _) _) _) "Our area had two schools and one teacher. Lena Archuleta taught at Montezuma School from June to October and at the Edith School from November till March. The same students attended both schools. While school was going in Edith, Lena who was a good friend of my parents, kept me with her. After I finished 7th grade, I quit school to stay home on the ranch. There was plenty of work with the sheep and cattle. Our neighbors were far apart, but whenever there was a wedding or a holiday we got together tor a dance." "The first car Dad ever had was a 1928 Chevy. He was never very comfortable driving it. He let me do most of the driving after he almost had a wreck meeting a car on a curve. Times were hard in the 30's. The harder times got the more moonshine was cooked in the hills. I knew one old lady who bought a new car with what she earned from the moonshine." _) -.) ..) ...J ..) -J -J ...J ...J ...J ...J In 1941 Joe got engaged to Natividad Gallegos, who was raised at Trujillo on the San Juan R iver. Her father, Nemecio Gallegos, was born at San Luis, Colorado. Her mother, Gumesinda Salazar Gallegos was born near La Puente, New Mexico . "My parents got acquainted because my Dad's sister married one of my Mom's relatives. After my parents were married they settled at Trujillo where they lived almost all their lives. She said, "I was the oldest of seven children. I helped my mother wash on 111 �the board and take care of my little brothers. Our fun came from simple games and entertainments we invented for ourselves. Christmas was not a time for toys. The best we could expect was a good pair of shoes or a good dress. Our school house was heated by a large Warm Morning Stove, but in the coldest of weather, the uninsulated building was uncomfortable." "We got to go to Pagosa only twice a year, once at Christmas and once on the 4th of July. With no radio, no lV and no telephone, most people would probably go crazy today, but we were very happy. We did not feel trapped or bored. We had plenty of work to do, which kept us busy. Our dances and parties and what few trips we took really meant a lot to us. When I remember how we lived in those days, and how we live today, it makes me think the more people have, the more depressed and unsatisfied they are." Joe and Natividad have five daughters. When they reached school age, Joe bought a place near Juanita so the children could ride the school bus to Pagosa. Most of the girls were able to get education beyond high school, something their parents were not able to have. Today their daughter Mary Gomez lives in Dulce, N. M., Ruth Peterson lives in Denver, Polly Haloubek is in Denver; and Bernice Nelson and Rosann Gomez both live in San Francisco. In 1962 the Martinez sold the ranch at Montezuma and bought the place near Ignacio where they now live. Joe worked at a filling station near Durango until he got sick in 1977. Today Joe is at home and Natividad works in Ignacio. Once in a while they go to visit the girls. We wish them many happy years together. December 1980 - Shelby Smith 112 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Joe Martinez and Natividad (Gallegos) Martinez Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1980-12 Subject The topic of the resource Martinez, Joe; Martinez, Natividad (Gallegos) Description An account of the resource Biography of Joe Martinez and Natividad (Gallegos) Martinez based on an interview conducted by Shelby Smith. Originally included in the December, 1980 issue of "The Thoughtful Years" newsletter published by the Ignacio Senior Center. Later included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Martinez, Joe; Martinez, Natividad (Gallegos) Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2 pages Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/26c5a0f99ced7740ee5329b5c2927e27.pdf f718bc83d79aa7452a3d27e0e7eafcb1 PDF Text Text 'l .., .., ~ ~ JOHN & DOROTHY (Billings) OLBERT ' ' ' ' John Phillip Olbert's father, John Olbert was born in Simheimbaden, Germany in 1865. He migrated with his parents to Illinois in 1879. "My dad often told me how hard life was in Germany for the common people," John Phillip remembers. "People like my ancestors who had no land couldn't get any. However, the harsh military rule bothered them as much as the land shortage. As soon as a son was old enough to be useful to the family, he was drafted for several years into the army. So they came here wanting land and less government control of their lives. The family farmed in Illinois for several years. John left home when he was 21 and went to work for the Pullman Company in St. Louis." ) ' } } ) } ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) J J _) ..J ..J _) ..J ..J ..J ..J ..J ,J "After a couple of years, he came on west, stopping in Colorado. Pueblo was booming as a smelting and railroad center. Dad got a job helping to build the rail line over Marshall Pass from Salida to Gunnison. He worked a mule team skidding logs to build snowsheds to divert avalanches over the tracks. John settled in Telluride for the winter and acquired an unexpected job. He had done quite a variety of jobs, but 'never expected to be a nurse. The smallpox epidemic which broke out among the miners did not affect John, since he had been vaccinated in Germany. So many of the miners were either deathly sick or weak during recovery, that Dad was recruited as a Doctor's helper. While in the area he became friends of George West and Bob Hott. They began hearing tales of all the gold that could be panned out of the sand bars of the Colorado River. One summer they gave it a good try, but no one got rich." "Dad took off on his way to see the Navajo country and arrived back in Durango in 1889 when he was 24. He homesteaded at Thompson Park for a year, then moved into Durango to work at a local brewery located just north of the old high school and just east of the City Market. When Dad was 31 years old he married Margretha Geisler. My mother, who was 14 years younger than dad, was working in Durango and living with her sister, Mrs. Sponsel. My parents lived in Durango until 1915 when they bought a farm near Oxford." John Phillip was 12 when his parents moved to the farm one half mile west of Oxford. "Moving from a city school with graded classrooms to a one room school with grades 18 was quite a challenge for me. I'll never forget the first day there. Mr. Crosby, the teacher left for a while to check on his wife who was expecting a baby soon. While he was gone, some of the rowdy boys knocked the stovepipe down. This resulted in a thorough sooting of the room. Crosby questioned each of us to learn who was guilty. I was telling the truth when 1 said I didn't know, because I did not know anybody's name that day." "Dad used about half his land for grain crops and the rest for hay and pasture. Every farmer in those days had chickens, turkeys, and a bunch of milk cows. It was common to see 20-25 five gallon cream cans on the railroad platform. Part went to Durango. The rest was sold to Alamosa or Colorado Springs for better prices. Even 2-3 cents more per pound was a help." J ..J ..) ..) 12 3 �John Phillip and his brother Ernest went together to buy a new 1928 Chevrolet from Mockers in Durango. It cost $600.00 which they paid in cash after selling some cattle. This was not the first car in the family. Their dad had owned a 1914 Buick and a 1924 Ford Pickup which cost $400.00 John Phillip, his mom and dad, went to California in the pickup in 1928. They really squeezed into the cab but made it. Gas was about seventeen cents per gallon that year. In the late 1920's John Phillip was still not married, but decided to build a log house for himself. He cut and hauled logs (6 or 7 per trip) by team and wagon from the hills near Vallecito and cut his own shingles. The house wasn't quite finished when John met Dorothy Billings, the new School teacher at Oxford. Dorothy was born near Hermosa north of Durango on February 21, 1911. Her dad, Edwin Booth Billings, was a native of Jaynesville, Wisconsin. Her mother, Myrtle May Williams was born in Iowa. Myrtle's family settled near Windsor, Colorado, in 1890, later migrating in covered wagons to the Animas Valley via the San Luis Valley, Creede, Lake City and over the pass to Silverton. "My parents were truck farmers north of Durango", Dorothy says. "I went to Trimble School until I finished 1oth grade and graduated from Durango High School in 1925." Dorothy took two years of teacher training at Ft. Lewis College and came right to work at Oxford for one year and the following year" at Trimble School. John and Dorothy were married in 1931. Until their log house was finished, they lived in the Kennedy house a quarter mile west of Oxford. So many young couples started their lives in this house, it came to be known as the bridal suite of Oxford. The Olberts have 3 sons, each of whom is married and has two children. Phillip, the oldest, lives in Boulder. John Richard, usually called "Dick", lives in Palos Verdes, California. Donny is a Lt. Commander in the Navy at San Diego. John's father died in 1931. Those were hard years for everyone and the Olberts were no exception. Prices for farm products were low and the area suffered a bad dry spell in 1934, but they worked hard and were able to keep their land. When the effort began to unify the Allison, Arboles, Ignacio and Oxford School Districts in 1958-59, John was on the school board. He listened to all the arguments and got several good cussings when he supported the consolidation. Though he was aware of the drawbacks and the loss of community spirit when small towns lose their grade schools, John remembers how much he had wanted to finish high school and could not at Oxford. For the sake of others who would need a high school education, he made a decision which was not too popular. John has been secretary of the Pine River Irrigation District since 1966. He still keeps the necessary papers in the original leather satchel given to the District by Merrill Turner when it was organized in 1936. John and Dorothy have been involved in a lot of hard work during the 4 7 years of their married lives, but they also know how to relax. They love to travel and especially like to go to Coos Bay, Oregon, to get on a charter fishing boat and hook the big salmon. They 124 �"l 'l ""') ""') ""') ""') ""') l l also like to visit their children, but after a few days in Los Angeles and San Diego they are ready to come back to the farm. John can look out from his house to a spot half a mile to the northeast which the old timers said was a favorite camp site on the old Spanish Trail from Santa Fe to Durango. Like most people who have lived in one place for a long time, the Olberts value their memories and have many Ii nks with the past. i April, 1978- Shelby Smith ") ) J ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) J _) J J J .J J J J J J J J J J J -..J 125 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Olbert and Dorothy (Billings) Olbert Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1978-04 Subject The topic of the resource Olbert, John; Olbert, Dorothy (Billings); Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of John Olbert and Dorothy (Billings) Olbert based on an interview conducted by Shelby Smith. Originally included in the April, 1978 issue of "The Thoughtful Years" newsletter published by the Ignacio Senior Center. Later included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Olbert, John; Olbert, Dorothy (Billings) Extent The size or duration of the resource. 3 pages Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/e23079017c56a698a864e2c9f1f95ab7.pdf 20b916a74b1814b669fbc05c39ceafb9 PDF Text Text JOHN AND WANDA (Accuttoroop) WILLIAMS In the spring of 1910 when Sam and Suzie Williams lived near Pagosa Junction, a new son was born to them. They named him John Spencer. Shortly after he was born the family moved to La Boca onto his grandfather's farm. "My grandfather mostly raised sheep and goats. That's where I learned sheep ranching." John got some sense knocked into him at an early age. "I found myself knocked to the ground more than once. You have to watch out for the Billy-goats and rams." When John's grandfather, Tom Talyon, wasn't happy with the price offered for his sheep locally, he went looking for a better market. "I learned a lot from my grandfather. He wasn't afraid to go out and do things. If the price was too low here, he would load his sheep on the train and go to Denver. I went with him a few times and learned a lot about how to do business." When John was a boy, most farmers raised some oats and wheat. The Salaba~s had a thrashing machine and would move it from place to place, whichever was ripe first. All the neighbors helped one another until everyone was finished. Mr. Barnes had a grist mill powered by a water wheel where we could grind our grain for cattle and chicken feed." Some of this grain was sold for cash, but a lot was kept for feeding on the farm. In 1918 Suzie Williams died in the great flu epidemic. John was enrolled in the Indian Boarding School north of Ignacio. After 3 years he was transferred to the Indian School at Santa Fe where he stayed till 1928. That year he was called home for sheepherding, but in 1929 John resumed school in Albuquerque for two more years. Most boys don't care for school very much, but John didn't mind it. He says, "There was a time to study, a time to learn a trade, and a time for games." Speaking of games, John, like most Tribal members was a very good athlete. He participated in baseball, football, track, wrestling, and boxing. From 1930-1949, John worked at a variety of jobs - building the hospital (which is now the Tribal Building), operating the powerhouse at the Indian School and farming. During this period John married and had three children. When he and his wife were separated, John moved to Durango to do construction work and then was offered a job at Dugway Proving Ground in Utah. (Dugway was a center for uranium and chemical testing.) Most of his work there involved plumbing and construction. From there he got a job painting section houses for the railroad in Nevada. "I didn't expect to see anyone I knew in Red House, Nevada, but Manual Baca and Julian Romero were there laying track for the railroad. On a trip to Salt Lake City, John was offered a construction job at Ft. Duschene on the Northern Ute Reservation. (Local Tribal members call them Yankee Utes.) In the evenings a bunch of the young men at Ft. Duschene liked to play baseball. John was right in the middle of it. Since the Ft. Duschene Boarding School was close by the playing field, the dorm kids often came to watch. That's where John met 16 year old Wanda Accuttoroop. A short time later they were married and came to Ignacio for their honeymoon. Wanda says, "When John and I were married, he was real skinny, but I fattened him up. I think he likes ham and beans better than anything. One year later he was the Santa Claus for the Tribe and he fit the suit just right." John and Wanda have 10 children: Roderick and Ronald (twins), Stanley, John Chadd, Elizabeth, Michael, 158 �Mary Ann & Eric (twins) and Michelle and Susan (twins). Wanda says "I like my children, but when the last ones were born, I decided that was it." For three years Wanda has been a waitress at the Pino Nuche Restaurant and enjoys it. "I like to meet people, both new people and old friends." In 1956 John Williams became a milestone in Indian Health. He was the first tribal member in the country qualified and hired as Sanitarian. From 1962-1972 John was a member of the Tribal Council. During several of those years he served as Chairman. Presently, he is Resources Coordinator for the Tribe. John has lived long enough to remember many of the old ways and to see many things change. "I remember seeing the old people dry deer meat and dry and pound chokecherries into cakes. We used to be afrsiid to get wild honey, but then we learned to put on gloves and wear a net over our heads. Years ago there were so many fish in the stream in the Vega that we could drive them into gunny sacks. Then we'd boil them and dry them for winter." Though John has many good memories of long ago, he does not live in the past. When asked for his age John said, "I'm 35. I feel like I'm 35 and people treat me like I'm 35. That's why I keep working. I'm not going to fold up at 65. I have a job and a farm to take care of." May, 1975 -- Shelby Smith ) ) _) __) __) __) J -..J ._) J J J J ...) J ..J J ..J .._) ._J 159 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Williams and Wanda (Accuttoroop) Williams Biography Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1975-05 Subject The topic of the resource Williams, John; Williams, Wanda (Accuttoroop); Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of John Williams and Wanda (Accuttoroop) Williams based on an interview conducted by Shelby Smith. Originally included in the May, 1975 issue of "The Thoughtful Years" newsletter published by the Ignacio Senior Center. Later included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Williams, John; Williams, Wanda (Accuttoroop) Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2 pages Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby https://voicesofignacio.cvlcollections.org/files/original/0db9665e2a48b45e50b85ead13bd66ca.pdf 18cd0e0065773a004a12838b15590a0a PDF Text Text 'l ~ 'l J '> JOSE AND CAMILA (Casias) QUINTANA J J It was mid-morning when three riders descended from Middle Mesa and rode over the rolling country toward the railroad section house at Vallejos (later called Allison). In the 1890's the section house was the nearest thing to a town in this lonely stretch of Southwest Colorado between the Pine and the Piedra Rivers. The few non-Indian immigrants who were camped in the area came to the section house occasionally for news and to obtain water from the large storage tank. The three riders were members of a group of young men who came into the San Juan country to round up and sell the many wild longhorn cattle which roamed the hills and valleys. Every so often a group of wranglers from California showed up to buy the cattle and drive them west. On this day the riders had no reason to expect anything unusual at the section house. They had been here several times before, but today the place was unusually quiet. There were no horses in the corral and the door of the house was blowing open and shut in the wind. No one answered when the cowboys knocked or called. Then the men saw frightened eyes peering out of a nearby window. Inside were the section manager's three children ages 2, 4, and 6. They were nearly starved. The oldest one said their parents left after an argument and each had taken off in opposite directions. An intense discussion followed among the three cowboys as to what to do with the children. After much head-scratching each of the men took one of the little ones home to raise with their families. Neither parent ever showed up again. Jose says all three children grew up within 60 miles of Allison. '' ' ) ) ) ' ' ) .) } ) -) ) ) ) _) ) ..) _) .J .J J J .J .J J .J J .J J ...J J J 0 J A fourth member of the round-up crew (not present on the day the children were found) was Pedro Quintana. Pedro was born at Abiquiu, New Mexico. After working with the round-up for a while, Pedro got some land at Rosa, New Mexico, and started farming. He married Juanetta Lucero. The Quintanas had 14 children. Jose was number 12. He attended school at Rosa for two years and then had to stay home to herd sheep on the free range up on Caracas Mesa. It was a carefree life of riding horses, swimming in the river and roaming with the herds. "The sheep my dad owned," Jose recalls, "were on shares with a man named Ed Sargent from Chama. One other man, myself, and our dogs took care of 1,200 sheep . In 1922 when I was 16, my Dad decided to take his share of the animals and turn the rest back to Mr. Sargent. We drove his flock from La Fraqua 18 miles to Jewel Canyon and turned them over. By that year my dad was getting too old to work so hard, so he said to me 'As of today Jose, you are a free man. I raised you; now you take care of me.' That's what I did. I soon got a job on the railroad at Arboles under a foreman named Andres, Martinez. One whole summer I worked clearing and cleaning the tracks of mud and debris that washed down the many arroyos. We worked our way over to Ignacio. That's where I met Camila. She had come from Chama to Ignacio for her sister's wedding. We got acquainted at the dance. Another summer we worked to raise and reset the tracks unto a gravel bed for better stability. It was hard, heavy work. From 1924-28 I worked at the mines and on the railroad at Silverton ." In 1928 Joe began farming and raising cattle which he has done the rest of his life . When Joe and Camila decided to get married in 1936, he bought an 80-acre irrigated 137 �ranch near Rosa for $1,200.00. The wedding took place in Ignacio. Pedro Casias, Cristino Casias, and Andy Duran played their guitars and violins at the dance. Camila's parents were Jose Casias and Manuelita (Martinez) Casias. Manuelita died when Camila was five. Camila went to live with her brother Pedro and attended school in Ignacio. One of the pleasures of her young life was to sing in the choir at the Catholic Church. "We sang songs in Latin, in Spanish and in English and I really enjoyed the music. We have three children, Charles, Lorene and Mary Esther. In 1944 Joe bought the farm over by Arboles where we still live. For a long time we farmed the Rosa place and this place until the government took our place at Rosa to clear the ground for Navajo Lake. Joe made a bid on the old section house at Allison and got it and the bunk house for less than $300.00. He moved it over to our place and put a new roof on and worked it over inside and out. We've been here ever since." Neither Jose nor Camila are a,; strong as they used to be, but they still keep cattle, pigs, sheep and goats and raise all the hay they can. Recently, they donated some land for the construction of a new Catholic church al Arboles. They will be very proud when the "San Pedro and Santa Rosa Church' is completed. Shelby Smith 138 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shelby Smith Interviews Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-NC/1.0/?language=en Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1973-1980 Subject The topic of the resource Ignacio; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Collection of biographies, predominantly of residents from the Ignacio Senior Center, based on interviews conducted by Shelby Smith from approximately 1973 to 1980. The abridged interviews were originally published as individual entries in The Thoughtful Years newsletter, published by the Ignacio Senior Center, beginning in 1973. They were later published as a whole in Smith's book: Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley, from which the original scans in this collection have been derived. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jose Quintana and Camila (Casias) Quintana Biography Subject The topic of the resource Quintana, Jose; Quintana, Camila (Casias); Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Description An account of the resource Biography of Jose Quintana and Camila (Casias) Quintana based on an interview conducted by Shelby Smith. Included in the book "Oral Histories of the Southern Pine River Valley" by Shelby Smith. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Ignacio, Colorado; Southwest Colorado Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Quintana, Jose; Quintana, Camila (Casias) Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2 pages Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Smith, Shelby